Rito De Los Frijoles Canyon, New Mexico
The Kiva or Estufa is a circular under-ground chamber from ten to forty odd feet in diameter, roofed with large vigas or timbers and covered with saplings and earth. Entrance is gained thru the hatch in the roof by means of a long ladder. An alter, fireplace, sipapu, flue or draft and various niches are essential features of the interior arrangement. The kiva is the ceremonial center of all Indian life and in this underground chamber, all important councils are held, and ceremonies and dances begin and end.
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